Ufc Business Strategy

General Environment The fastest growing sports organization in the world, the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), started in 1993 as a professional mix martial arts (MMA) organization. Once the UFC brand was launched, MMA popularity surged in Brazil, followed by immense interest in Japan where these bouts became major events. The most recent fight in April, UFC sold 55,000 tickets in minutes, became the largest paid audience in North American to witness a mix martial arts event.They delivered top rating in male 18-34 and 18-49 demographics. Globally, UFC programming is broadcast in over 149 countries and territories, reaching a half a billion homes worldwide, in 20 different languages. Response to the UFC brand of MMA has been tremendous, resulting in a growing fan base that has grown exponentially through the years. So, UFC is very popular to the whole world. Porter’s Five Forces: Threat of New Entrants Threat of new entrants is low because everyone in the world is watching UFC.UFC is the only mixed martial arts industry in the world, but it is part of fighting sports industry. Power of Suppliers I would say that power of suppliers is high because the whole world is selling UFC’s stuffs. Suppliers are selling UFC apparels, shorts, DVDs, equipments and gears. Some of the suppliers including Affliction are selling UFC’s apparel. Others (Clear Vision) are selling DVD such as work-out or copies of UFC fights. UFC spends a lot on advertisement because they’re one of the most recognizable by the whole world.The Ultimate Fighting Championship has partnered with Fox  for a seven-year broadcast deal through the  Fox Sports  subsidiary, effectively ending the UFC's  Spike TV  and Versus (now  NBC Sports Network) partnership. I believe fighters are one of the suppliers because they are paid per fight, with amounts depending on how well-known the fighters are and how well sponsored a fighter and an event is. Fighters will typicall y get paid money to fight with an additional bonus if they win. Power of Buyers Buyers’ power is really high because UFC is very popular to the world.The UFC brand completely restructured MMA into a highly organized and controlled compact sports. Now, UFC produces over twelve live Pay-Per-View events annually that are distributed residentially through North American cable and satellite providers including iNDEMAND Networks, DIRECTv, DISH Network, TVN Entertainment, Shaw Pay-Per-View, BellTv, Viewers Choice, SaskTel Max and via the Internet worldwide on UFC. com and Yahoo! , commercially through Joe Hand Promotions. It is very expensive because you have to order Pay-Per-View or DIRECTv to watch UFC.Substitute I don’t believe there is a substitute because UFC is wrestling, martial art mixed. UFC is a very unique sport, but it is part of fighting sports. So, I believe substitute is very low. There are wrestling, boxing, martial arts mixed, and other fighting sports. Compe titor Analysis: Boxing Boxing is a  martial art  and  combat sport  in which two people engage in a contest of strength, reflexes, and endurance by throwing  punches  at an opponent with  gloved hands. They can get two most popular, best and recognizable boxers to fight each other.They have so many passionate fans. They’ve partnered with HBO and SHOWTIME. They are focused on the best fighters from all over the world and give the best show for the world. Internal Industry: Strength UFC is one of the most popular sports, not in just United States, but in the whole world. They have surpassed the boxing on fans’ popularity. They are really high on suppliers’ and buyers’ power. They have sold out their tickets within minutes, not hours or days. Weakness It is not for younger kids to watch UFC because it is a bad image and bad influence for them.You don’t want to have bullies at schools. UFC are worrying about what the fighters say or do be cause Advocacy groups have criticized the fighters’ comments as sexist and homophobic. The incidents cited by National Center on Domestic and Sexual Violence include an undated video linked on unfitforchildren. org, in which UFC fighter Quinton â€Å"Rampage† Jackson  urges a Japanese-speaking fan to say nasty words. Also, people are complained about their advertisement because they showed a half nude woman in one of their commercial with Bud Light Lime. Recommendation

Hart & Dworkin Essay

H. L. A. Hart’s concept of legal positivism was heavily influenced by Austin. However, he breaks with Austinian positivism at three vital junctures. First, he believed that the sovereign law giver is defined by his office rather than being a person who has secured the habit of obedience. Second authority is vested in rule of recognition instead of through the threat sanctions. Finally, Hart believed that laws expand liberty rather than limit it. In a nutshell Hart’s Philosophy of Law builds upon the Command Law Theory established by Austin, corrects its errors and establishes its own doctrines. In his essay â€Å"Sovereign and Subject†, Hart proposed that the habit of obedience does not account for the relationship between subject and sovereign. This inclination to, or habit of obedience, propounded by Austin, asserts that there exists a relationship between a subject and his sovereign. Where this relationship exists we speak of a society. However, since the habit of obedience is a habit backed by threats, it differs little from the idea a gunman coercing a person to give him his purse. Hart opines that a law’s validity does not depend on the existence of social rules. Instead laws exist to promote social order. Hart contributes his conceptual analysis theory to jurisprudence of legal formalism. He postulates that jurisprudence aims to give analysis of the uses to which the concept of law is put in various social practices. Given that all rules have a penumbra of uncertainty, a judge must often choose between alternatives. Simply put, Hart takes legal thought beyond the simplistic Command Theory. To him a law can be valid despite its moral invalidity and sans any coercion backed by threats. Such views on the law can be seen today in the USA Patriot Act. This is morally reprehensible because of the many provisions that potentially violate citizens’ rights. However it is still a valid law promoting the security of American society at large. As a legal naturalist Ronald Dworkin rejects positivism. His chief objection is that moral principles can be binding by virtue of the fact that they express an appropriate dimension of justice and fairness. He espouses the belief that in interpreting the meaning of valid legal rules, it is often necessary to consult moral principles. Curiously, a posthumous edition of Hart’s seminal A Concept of Law gives space to Hart’s response to Dworkin’s criticism of Legal Positivism. In contrast to Hart, Dworkin believes that law is not simply a matter of rules. Moral principles are law even if they are not identified under the rule of recognition. Moral principles can also be said to be law because they have dimensions of justice. As opposed to Hart, Dworkin’s theory on jurisprudence is that judges appeal to binding legal standards that are more discretionary than hard and fast rules. An example is the gravamen of guilt beyond reasonable doubt. Instead of simply relying on their discretion, a judge uses jurisprudence to form a body of as yet unwritten legal standards to back up their decisions. To summarize, Dworkin champions the cause of Legal Naturalism: that laws must appeal to morality to have legal validity. Many of today’s penal laws can be said to espouse Legal Naturalism.

Risk Management and Investment Coursework Portfolio Essay

Risk Management and Investment Coursework Portfolio - Essay Example I changed the portfolio by taking the additional step to modify the number of shares and adding funds to the I already hold in the portfolio. There were few reasons to make the alterations in my portfolio starting with returns and performance of the individual stocks. The objective of the investment is to maximize the return and is found in UK. The fund comprises of the following; Barclays PLC, BG Group plc., Glencoe Xstrata PLC, Royal Dutch Shell Plc., Invensys PLC, Experian PLC, BHP Billiton PLC, Standard Chartered PLC, Old Mutual PLC, and ITV PLC. Additionally, there is 500,000 pounds in cash that need to be deposited, that earn 1 per cent annually since the inception date. Investments trust whose main goal is to generate income, faces the problem of managing all host of investments which have to be materialized using a lot of resources. There are two sets of study that alleviates the problem. First is the rules and mechanism that are defined for the needed tasks of schedule development and control schedule and its resource management. Additionally, the investment portfolios are described to allow maximization of portfolio, portfolio balancing, strategy alignment, and choosing the correct number of stocks. There is however a problem of managem ent that I faced. This is attributed to the fact that formal an investment portfolio management method was used to carry out the investment. This problem is specifically called the push problem. Additionally, the release problem where the objective of portfolio is to deliver the investments that raises the value of investments. The objective can therefore be achieved by recommending a condition that has to be followed (Prime 2007). The main objective of the investment fund is to maximize on the returns with low risk. Therefore, the investment needs to be focused on incomes that are

Evolution of Music in Washington D.C Research Paper

Evolution of Music in Washington D.C - Research Paper Example Evolution of the emo music The word ‘EMO’ was first started in the ‘80s’ and was used to describe music which was being composed during depressing times. They target to console and bring closure to the audience, the listeners and the singer. The lyrics featured in this genre of music are often emotional and very expressive. The first band to play the genre of music was the ‘sunny day real estate’ and later on the scene was completely changed with the arrival of ‘sound garden and nirvana’. Initially, it was known as emotional hardcore or emocore music. Emo music often brings out a distinctive relationship between artists and fans. It often describes the different aspects of fashion, the various behaviors of people in our societies and the various cultural practices among people (Troy & Cannato, 2009). The genre of music has also been associated with such practices like promoting cutting and self –mutilation. A good example is that in the album ‘ta king back Sunday’, the cover on the one of the album consist of a song called ‘cute without at E. There are different EMO bands and some of the most popular ones are the ‘Panic!’ ‘At The Disco,’ ‘Fall out Boy’ among others. These names were given to the albums because of the type of music in question and the general appearance of the music. EMO songs represents or talks about different depressing situations and involves themes like love, loneliness, fallacy amongst others. Such aspects clearly spell out the expressive nature of EMO.

Drug Monograph Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Drug Monograph - Term Paper Example Used in combination with narcotics at times, in order to boost the pain-relieving powers of the ketorolac. Ketorolac is to be used for pain management of short duration only, not to exceed five days for all administration routes of the drug (WebMD, 2012; Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2012; The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 2012; US National Library of Medicine, 2010; FADavis, n.d.; Selleck Chemicals, 2011; MediResource, 2012; MedicineNet, 2012; NetDoctor, 2012; Drugs.com, 2012; RxList, 2012; MedIndia, 2012). Ketorolac belongs to the same class of drugs as ibuprofen as well as naproxen, but the consensus is that ketorolac has greater power in the reduction of pain from inflammation as well as from other causes. This makes ketorolac singular among other NSAIDs, with regard to the degree of effect and with regard to the kinds of pain that it can relieve or treat. It works by effecting the blockage of those enzymes responsible for the production of prostaglandins in the body, those chemicals that the body generates that in turn results in fever and inflammation (MedicineNet, 2012). The first dose can be via the veins, or via the muscles, administered via injections (US National Library of Medicine, 2010). The typical subsequent dose is 10 mg for every four to six hours in the presence of pain, depending on the requirement for pain relief. The recommended maximum daily dose is 40 mg, to be taken preferably with meals, in order to reduce risks of stomachs getting upset from the medication (MediResource, 2012). Some dosage prescriptions are age and weight dependent, as well as dependent on the presence of some other conditions, such as impairment of the urine function (Roche Laboratories, 2008): Transition from IV or IM dosing of ketorolac tromethamine (single- or multiple-dose) to multiple-dose TORADOLORAL: Patients age 17 to 64: 20 mg PO once followed by 10 mg q4-6 hours prn

Financial Statement Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Financial Statement Analysis - Essay Example For this reason, the actual presentation of financial statements with the absolute figures becomes meaningless as it does not provide a rational basis for comparing with the competitor or with the industry. The industry and competitor might have several differences due to which it is not practically justified that the analysis between the two should be made. For instance, if a company has revenues of $5 million and one of its competitors has the revenues of $500,000 then on the basis of these absolute figures, there is no comparison between the two companies. However, if the growth in revenue of the former company is, let’s say 6% and the latter company has growth in revenues of around 8%, then there is a rationale of analyzing both the companies as the same footing for comparison is available now. In short, in the absence of reasonable commonalities between the financial aspects of the two companies, the comparison of the two companies turns out to be meaningless. The best wa y to make a comparison in financial aspect between the two companies is to undertake financial ratio analysis. This analysis provides a common platform for the companies so that their performance can be compared on reasonable basis. Issues like absolute figures, size of the firms, differences in the operating activities and other issues are relaxed when financial statements are analyzed on the basis of ratios. The technique of ratio analysis works on the basis of common figures that are comparable. These comparable figures are computed as a percentage of some figures. For instance, what is the percentage of net profits with respect to sales, with respect to total asset, with respect to equity, and so on? But if stand alone figure of net profit is taken into account, then due to difference in size of the company, its value, its nature of operations, its capital structure and other elements, that net profit figure would not reflect a true picture. Structure of Article This article is developed in such a manner that the profitability analysis of two UK companies, Sainsbury PLC and Tesco PLC, has been conducted on the basis of ratio analysis. As far as the size of the two companies is considered, Tesco PLC is bigger than Sainsbury PLC. So what exactly be the measure which should be used in order to bring both of these firms to a common platform is the ratio analysis. The introductory part of the analysis briefly highlights the description of both the companies regarding their industry, history, products, branches etc. Next part focuses comprehensively upon the importance, meaning and interpretation of each of the profitability ratio. Third part of this report conducts an analysis on the basis of earlier explained ratios. Those ratios are divided into two categories such that first part of the analysis emphasizes upon the performance of each individual company on the basis of its past performance in the form of trend analysis. Second part of the analysis makes a pr ofitability comparison between the two firms on the basis of their own important heads of accounts. At the end of this report the calculation of the ratio analysis is presented in the appendix. Tesco Tesco is one of the largest retailers. It operates more than 2,300 convenience stores and supermarkets. The total number of employees working

Causes of deviant behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Causes of deviant behavior - Essay Example For example, if a person enters their church scantly clad, they are being deviant because they are going against the norm. Their attire might be right to them, and it might be right for hanging out with friends, but it is not right in the eyes of those in the church. The people in a person’s life can offer the same influence. Peer pressure can cause a person to become deviant as they try to fit in with a certain group of people. They may also take on the beliefs and characteristics of friends or family members simply by being subjected to them for so long. A street gang is an example of how people can influence someone else to act out deviantly; in this case, the individual would conform against social norms out of fear of being punished by the other gang members. Despite the cause of deviant behavior, it is believed that people become deviant because they â€Å"have goals and needs that are not being met by society (Adler, 2008).† Therefore, when they are influenced by environments or people that go against social norms, they adapt the behavior for themselves since abiding by social norms was not doing them any good.

Response Paper on August Wilson's Gem of the Ocean Essay

Response Paper on August Wilson's Gem of the Ocean - Essay Example ‘Gem of the ocean’ is a play written by eminent American playwright August Wilson. The plot of the play is set in the year 1904 and the main characters are Aunt Tyler, Citizen Barlow, Solly two kings, Black Mary, Caesar Eli and Selig. Aunt Tyler is the central character of the play and is a former slave who is now a soul cleanser. Prompt I: African American History & Gem of the Ocean: The end of the nineteenth century saw a radical transformation and the blacks got more rights as compared to the previous decades. African Americans experienced huge mental trauma especially during post slavery era and the US laws were less significant in reducing the effect on the African Americans. Even though there had been a number of US legislations, yet Slavery seemed to be an inborn part of the African American. There were no more options available to an African American other than being either forced into Slavery or becoming the servant of whites. The blacks completely resisted Slav ery and treated it to be the most dreadful act that a person could face in his life. Evidence Supporting Point: Citizen Barlow’s dialogue in the book in page number 59 which states that â€Å"making the people owe is worse than slavery and Solly’s dialogues of Ain’t †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.ground† Citizen Barlow states that slavery is better than making the people owe to you but Solly emphasizes that Slavery is the most dreadful crime committed on a human. Evidence Supporting Point: The blacks had separate sleeping places and could not become an eminent part in the society and were treated differently. Black Mary’s dialogue: â€Å"He probably goes down under the Brady Street Bridge to sleep. They got a whole bunch of people sleeping down there.† In page 10 in the book, there is a clear indication of how badly the Africans were treated. Black Mary refers to the African Americans, who are usually assigned separate sleeping p laces and in this play they usually sleep under the Brady Street Bridge. Prompt II: Aunt Ester: One of the most interesting things about the play is the characters. When I read it, the first thing that strikes me is the age of the main character Aunt Ester, who holds 285 years of experience with her. I think that the author did this to talk effectively about the background of the African American when they were slaves of the white people. Aunt Esther used to be a troubled soul but her years of experiences turned her into a wise person. She holds on to the memories of the entire history of the Africans in America, â€Å"People say you crazy to remember. But I ain’t afraid to remember. I try to remember out loud. I keep my memories alive. I feed them. I got to feed them otherwise they’d eat me up. I got memories go way back. I’m carrying them for a lot of folk† (Walseth par. 1). The age of Aunt Esther may be unreal for many readers but I feel that it is ver y effective to make others remember about the slavery days and how the Africans were treated in those days. It also illustrates the fact that they have come from a long line of abuse and hardships which continues till the 1904’s. Aunt Esther represents the old traditions while Black Mary, her successor represents the forward thinking African American. She likes to do things her own way, â€Å"It’s been three years now.   I can’t do nothing to satisfy you.   I may as well lay down somewhere and forget about it†¦

Writer's choice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Writer's choice - Assignment Example organize their business finances in one central place and still access them from any location using the internet because all their accounting data is automatically backed up. QuickBooks also gives small businesses the opportunity to save a lot of time that would have otherwise been used on dealing with figures, customer details, invoices, and reports. This is because QuickBooks is simpler, faster, and more accurate than spreadsheets or papers since accounting becomes automated and calculations are done by the software. This makes it less likely to make mistakes that would have otherwise been many if using paper or spreadsheets (INTUIT 1). QuickBooks ensures that all accounting details such as customer details, supplier details, and other financials are accessible in one place, can be accessed online, are searchable, and well organized. Small businesses that use QuickBooks do not have to worry about everyday accounting tasks because the software automatically takes care of them. For example, reports, invoices, and quotes can be automatically generated by the software, giving small business owners the chance to have an overview of their financial status just at a glance. Also, sales and expenses can easily be tracked using QuickBooks by simply entering the details of these transactions as they happen (INTUIT

The various characters in Of mice and men. Essay Example for Free

The various characters in Of mice and men. Essay Discuss the importance of dreams of the various characters in Of mice and men. Do any of these characters have a realistic opportunity to realise their dreams? Of mice and men is a novel written by John Steinbeck set in the 1930s. John Steinbeck was born on the 27th February 1902 in Salinas, California. Of mice and men mainly focuses on loneliness and isolation. I will have to consider the importance of dreams of various characters in Of mice and men and do they have a realistic opportunity to realise their dream. Many of the characters have dreams in this novel, big dreams, wild dreams all sorts of dreams but I am only going to talk about the following characters: George and Lennie, Curleys wife, and Candy. George and Lennie share a dream of settling in a farm house and looking after animals and doing what any other people would do. During the story their dream is also shared by candy known as the swamper. I think that if Lennie and George didnt have a dream, they wouldnt have had the enjoyable time in their lives that they had even though Lennie was a big problem to George. If they never shared the same dream, I think that George would have left Lennie when the first time Lennie caused a problem. But one reason that George continued to stay with Lennie is because George knew that Lennie on his own would get into trouble and eventually die. George also knows that if he leaves Lennie, he is going to become a lost and a awful person, George says I seen the guys that go around on the ranches alone. After along time they get mean. They get wantin to fight all the time. From this we know that George wouldnt want to leave Lennie because what could happen to him, he is scared of the bad things that could happen to him so he needs to have a companion, and that is one way to achieve the goal of their dream. Basically George realises from the beginning that their dream could come true, because from the point when George, Lennie and Candy decided how they can collect the money and then they are sorted, but there is a problem, it is Lennie, Lennie doesnt understand anything due to his mental immaturity and therefore he acts like a child. George is scared that Lennie will do something wrong, something that will ruin their dream to become a success. One thing that is interrupting Lennie from doing well is Curleys wife. At the end of the story, George, Lennie, and Candys dream is destroyed by Lennie because of his immaturity and thoughtlessness. With his own mind Lennie took the wrong path, by talking to Curleys wife and that ended up into a death and a ruined dream that will never come true. It was not her fault because she is already isolated by the other workers and obviously she would want to talk to someone. We know hat the dream is ruined. After her death is discovered by candy he tells George about it and when George goes to tell the other workers candy is left alone with Curleys wife, he says to the dead lady you god damn tramp,you done it, dint you? I spose youre glad. Everybody knowed youd mess things up. You wasnt no good. You aint no good now.you lousy tart. Candy lets out all his anger and says all these bad things to her even though she wasnt the person the ruined their dream, she was the means of their dream to be ruined. After letting all his anger out candy states I could of hoed in the garden and washed dishes for them guys, this is one major speech that indicates us that their dream is truly finished. Curleys wife has a big dream of becoming an movie star with a life of luxury. She is one of the main characters that suffers loneliness and isolation, her big dream is to go to Hollywood and become and actress, nevertheless her mother may have had stopped her from going and realising her dream to become an actress. Her dream is one big source that keeps her occupied at all times, and that is why she is still with Curley. She misleads herself and then could of never gone to Hollywood, she says could of went with shows. Her vision is to be famous, eye-catching, recognised and well known, I think she has a dream to keep her away from isolation and loneliness. The marriage between Curley and his wife, kept her realising and questioning her dream. If Curleys wife admitted to herself that she is a failure and hadnt an ounce of acting in her, she wouldnt of been able to hold her marriage with Curley any more because she always dreams that she will be an actor some day that it goes to an extent that it become a part of her normal character. When Lennie kills her, her dream is put to an end. Candy is one of the workers that was made a permanent residence on the ranch. Candy is known as the old swamper. He himself knows himself that he will be getting kicked out soon. I think that he knows that George and Lennie are good people so he wants to really share the same dream with them, this is because of his old age and I think that candy feels isolated because of his age difference from the other workers. He realises that their dream can come true if only Lennie doesnt do anything dumb which he does and destroys their dream.

Risk Assessment Strategy of Eco Town

Risk Assessment Strategy of Eco Town Contents (Jump to) 1. Introduction 2. Stakeholders Objectives and Concerns Primary Stakeholders Secondary Stakeholders 3. Critical Success Factors 4. Risk Assessment Strategy Defining the Boundary for Assessment Assessment Approach Stakeholders Involved Risk Identification and Classification Rules Classification of Risks Rating of Risk Events 5. Risk Mitigation Plans 6. Conclusion References Appendices 1. Introduction This report aims at developing a risk assessment strategy for NW Bicester Eco Town. Potential risks and necessary control measures will be analysed for a practical outcome. The risk assessment will also be done for the newly acquired land parcel that is adjacent to first phase which is the The Exemplar phase of the project. Figure 1 shows the proposed site for the project. Figure 1 Masterplan and Exemplar Phase of Bicester Eco-Town All the stakeholders of the project and their concerns are identified to do a thorough risk assessment. These concerns are further analysed and prioritised to figure out critical success factors of the project. Based on the number of risks identified, scope and boundaries are established to streamline the risks. Further to this, risks are ranked based on the level of severity using qualitative and quantitative aspects. 2. Objectives and Concerns of Stakeholders Eco-Town project has various stakeholders given the context of the scale, nature and typology of the project. Table 1 lists the primary stakeholders and their concerns. Table 2 lists the secondary stakeholders and their concerns No. Primary Stakeholders Concerns 1 Cherwell District Council (Local Planning Authority) Make Bicester a vibrant, great place to live, work and bring up a family in an eco-friendly way. Re-position Bicester as a place where new communities are built to high environmental standards where people can enjoy sustainable lifestyles. Achieve zero-carbon development and more sustainable living using the best new design and construction. (Eco Bicester) (Cherwell District Council) 2 A2Dominion (Lead Developer) To develop and materialise UKs first eco-town with sustainable homes, jobs and green neighbourhoods. Table 1 Primary Stakeholders No. Secondary Stakeholders Concerns 1 P3 Eco Group Established to bring together a strong consortium of investors, partners and professionals to promote and spearhead the NW Bicester eco development. Help Eco-town development to grow as an extension of Bicester to benefit the community. Main goal is to minimise environmental impact and maximise efficiency while striving to provide housing that is affordable, comfortable, sustainable and of the highest possible quality. Reduce energy demands and improve feasibility for sustainable technology by research and development (R D). 2 Bicester Vision (BV) An independent public/ private partnership committed to bring together all stakeholders in town to ensure that the most is made of the exciting future for the town. To engage with people of Bicester and the wider Bicester to ensure that it continues to be a great place to live and work in. 3 CABE Design Consultants Design council to assist in Bicester design and sustainable development in achieving the vision and execution of project, hence setting a benchmark for eco-friendly living. 4 Bio-Regional (BioR) A social enterprise that helps establish sustainable business and works with other stakeholders like A2Dominion, CDC etc., to demonstrate that a sustainable future is attractive and affordable. 5 Grassroots Bicester (GRB) A community action group set up to create a greener Bicester. Works closely with oxford, Bicester Vision and Eco Bicester team from Cherwell district council to help deliver the Eco Bicester vision across the whole town. 6 Farrell Partners (ARCH) To develop an affordable and sustainable residential complex with highest possible quality and delivered in close partnership with the local communities. 7 Thames Water Utilities (TWU) Water resource management towards sustainability 8 Central Government (CG) To utilise public fund judiciously Provide good affordable homes for people Speed of housing delivery Create sustainable communities and address climate changes. 11 Current Residents (CLR) Create jobs to local people. To educated the community to tackle disturbance/ discomfort caused due to construction activities like noise pollution, vehicular movements etc., 12 Home Community Agency (HCA) To ensure funding for the development of affordable housing for a successful development of the community. Table 2 Secondary Stakeholders 3. Critical Success Factors The critical success factors are derived from the vision stated in Masterplan Vision for the Exemplar phase of the entire development are as follows: Provide affordable, attractive and sustainable housing 393 residences designed by specialist design team by achieving good aesthetics within 60 acres of land use and a provision for 30% affordable housing, 40% of the total land to be used as green belt. Ensure every building achieves zero-carbon emission. Reduce carbon footprint by 30% by reducing waste sent to landfill. Efficient time, cost and quality management of construction Use passive energy generating technologies and achiever zero carbon efficiency. Manage project efficiently within the budget and proposed completion time of phase 1 by circa 2018. Reduce Carbon footprint by adopting sustainable means of transportation and energy Promote lean construction management which substantially reduces the carbon footprint caused by construction activities. Opt for public modes of transportation. Encourage the community to cycle. Reduce the usage of personal automotive vehicles. Introduce advanced construction technology like photo-voltaic panels, passive heating methods etc., to reduce utility bills. Environmental Biodiversity Ensure that 40% of the total development area is used as green belt/ green space. Contribute to existing biodiversity by introducing waterbodies, vegetation etc., Community and Neighbourhood Services Conduct events to enhance community spirit. Provide institutional facilities like schools and community facilities like local store, sports complex etc., within the proximity of the development. Create New Employment Opportunities The Exemplar phase aims at creating employment opportunities during construction phase and create long-term job opportunities. Managed Risk Act as early as possible and provide visibility of a task 4. Risk Assessment Strategy The following section provides a structured and coherent approach to identify, assess and manage risk. Defining the Boundary for Assessment Defining boundaries in the project helps in streamlining the risk assessment process. It is understood that risks that occur beyond the scope of the project are not under the control of Project Manager. The risk assessment is being done for the newly acquired land parcel adjacent to the boundary of the exemplar phase (See Figure 2) and the register will examine potential risks, causes, risk mitigation actions and the stakeholders responsible. Figure 2 Site Boundary in the Process of Acquisition Assessment Approach Potential risks have been identified based on the available literature on Bicester Eco-town and by brainstorming over various driving factors, likelihood of their occurrence and impact, evaluating and prioritizing risks for further action and then by developing a mitigation plan to tackle the risks without affecting the project. Figure 3 outlines the fundamental risk management process steps. Figure 3 Fundamental Risk Management Steps (Garvey, 2008) Step 1. Risk Identification Risk identification is the critical first step of the risk management process. Its objective is the early and continuous identification of risks, including those within and external to the project. Step 2. Risk Impact and Consequence Assessment In this step, assessment is made of the impact each risk event could have on the project. This typically includes how the event could impact cost, schedule or any other technical performance. Additional criteria such as political or economic consequences would also require consideration. Step 3. Risk Prioritisation In this step, overall set of identified risks, their impact and their probability of occurrence are processed to derive the most critical to least critical rank-order of all the risks. One of the main reasons for prioritizing risks is to form a basis for allocation critical resources. Step 4. Risk Mitigating Planning This step involves the development of mitigation plans to eliminate, reduce or manage risk. Once a plan is incorporated, it is monitored to assess its efficacy with an intention to revise its course-of-action if necessary. The other steps involved in developing effective risk management strategy to establish a good approach to assessment and select the suitable risk management tool. In-order to do this the, various phases of the project are divided per RIBA Plan of works (RIBA,2013) and the stages are mentioned below. Planning Design Construction Handover and Close Out Risk Identification and Classification Rules Methodical Approach to identify risks are as follows, Clear classification of aims and objectives of the project. Develop a very good criterion for risk assessment. Identify risks for both aims and objectives that are derived from risk assessment criteria. Use both Qualitative and Quantitative measures to assess risks and rank them per their severity of impact on the project. Group Meetings that involve all the stakeholders and brainstorming of potential risks. Generate minutes of meetings (MOM) to document discussions and the responsible parties for the identified risks. Classification of Risks The identified risks are classified into various categories and are measured per the level of impact. The factors contributing to the measure of impact are mentioned below, Cost Time Reputation Quality Impact on Stakeholders Environmental Impact Legal Impact Health and Safety Concerns Legal Implications Each of the above-mentioned factors are ranked between 1-5, 1 being the lowest and 5 being the highest in terms of impact and is detailed in Table 3. Table 3 Measure of Consequences of the identified Risks Rating of Risk Events The scoring of risks was calculated in such a way that the highest possible risk rating for any of the categories was taken into cautious consideration. The score ranging between 1 and 125, were used to generated 4 coloured rating. Here red, yellow, amber and green colours are used. The colour is assigned to a risk depending on its severity. Red stands for immediate action risk, Amber for medium risk, yellow for minor attention requiring risk and green for low/ Acceptable risk. The table 4 below illustrates the scores of this coloured rating. Table 4 Risk Rating Matrix 5. Risk Mitigation Plans After identifying the risks that are very likely to occur based on the risk rating matrix, some of the risks are prioritised and a mitigation plan is proposed in the following passages below. Risk 1: Rejection/ Delay of planning permission Management Action Planned: Proposed development plans should comply with building regulations, standards and specifications. Consistent liaison with the government should be done. Action Owner: A2Dominion, Architects and CABE Cause: Development standards do not meet specified building regulations. Community objection due to improper information by the project owner. Impact: Project delays and cost implications. Risk 2: Community Objection Management Action Planned: Liaise with the council members and clarify the value for public money of the development. Action Owner: A2Dominion Cause: Local communities showing concerns towards the effects on environment and showing reluctance to adapt to change. Lack of information or negative publicity that might lead to rejection of the development by the community. Impact: Delays and increased cost, bad reputation of the project and negative impact on stakeholders who represent public. Risk 3: Financial Funding Delays Management Action Planned: Ensure funding from all the investors during the exemplar phase Action Owner: A2Dominion and CDC Cause: Unfamiliarity of the project to the investors compared to other developments might fail to attract the investors. Impact: Project Failure, delays and reduction in quality if executed with insufficient funds. Risk 4: Change in Scope of Design Management Action Planned: Establish a clearly defined design brief that comprise of well-defined scope, responsibilities and communication channels of each stakeholder. Action Owner: A2Dominion and ARCH Cause: Disagreements between the design consultants and the client might lead to conflicts within the project. Proposed design might result in increased costs due to failure in meeting the design brief. Impact: Project delays and increased cost. Risk 5: New Technologies Management Action Planned: Liaise with the contractors at the early stage of project in-order to evaluate their competency. Action Owner: P3Eco Cause: Lack of experience and improper knowledge of new sustainable technologies that might affect building performance. Impact: Compromise in quality and project reputation The remaining risks, their causes, impact and management action are covered in the Appendices. 6. Conclusion After a, thorough assessment of risk on NW Bicester Eco-Town project, it is understood that the project is of a very complex nature and requires close monitoring of several areas for the successful completion of the exemplar phase. It is evident from the risk register that most of the responsibility should be taken by the developer (A2Dominion) who can further transfer risk to relevant stakeholders. Eco-Town being UKs first project of its kind, achieving success in this project is of utmost importance in-order to set a benchmark for future developments that will be sustainable and environment friendly thereby benefitting the future generations. References A2Dominion., https://www.a2dominion.co.uk [Accessed on 21/12//2016] Bicester Vision., What is Bicester Vision, http://www.bicestervision.co.uk/ [Accessed on 21/12/2016] Cherwell District Council., Eco Bicester, http://www.cherwell.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=4513 [Accessed on 21/12/2016] Design Council., Case Study North West Bicester Eco-Town, http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/resources/case-study/north-west-bicester-eco-town [Accessed on 21/12//2016 Eco Bicester., North West Bicester, http://www.ecobicester.org.uk/cms/node/3#.WFkL0PmLRPZ [Accessed on 21/12/2016] Garvey P (2008) Analytical Methods for Risk Management: A Systems Engineering Perspective (1st Ed.). London, New York: Chapman-Hall/ CRC North West Bicester., Partners, http://nwbicester.co.uk/the-first-phase/introducing-exemplar/partners/ [Accessed on 21/12/2016] North West Bicester., The first Phase Exemplar, http://nwbicester.co.uk/masterplan/ [Accessed on 21/12/2016] P3Eco., Home http://www.p3group.co.uk/ [Accessed on 21/12/2016] RIBA, (2013), RIBA Plan of Work 2013 Overview, https://www.ribaplanofwork.com/PlanOfWork.aspx [Accessed on 21/12/2016] Appendices Table 5: Risk Register Planning Stage Table 6: Risk Register Design Stage Table 7: Risk Register Construction Stage Table 8: Risk Register Construction Stage Table 9: Risk Register Handover and Close Out Stage

Role of Women in Shakespeare’s Othello Essay -- GCSE English Literatur

Role of Women in Shakespeare’s Othello In Shakespeare’s Othello, the role of women is greatly emphasized. The important characters of the play, Othello, Iago, and Cassio, each have a women that stands behind him. These women each have an obligation to remain loyal and respect their husband's wishes, especially Desdemona and Emilia. We see Desdemona as a young beautiful white female, madly in love with a powerful black man. She is strong inside but doesn't tend to show that side of her as much as she would want to. She tends to play the peace-maker in her marriage and is always trying to understand Othello. Throughout the play she struggles to prove her loyalty and respect to her husband, no matter what it takes she tries to be a good wife. At the beginning of the play when Brabantio, confronts Othello and Desdemona about their relationship, she does not hesitate to defend her husband to her father, regardless of the consequences she faced. She is brought in by her father to the court to be questioned for her actions, she replies with utter respect to her father, but devotion to her husband". To you I am bound for life and education....I am hitherto your daughter. But here is my husband. And so much duty as my mother showed to you, preferring you before her father...(act1,sc3L210). In other words, she is grateful to her father for what he has given to her but will stand by the side of her husband, as any women should. Even while Othello is accusing her of having an affair with Cassio, and insulting her calling her a whore, her responsibility of standing by her man and trying to understand him still remains. As angered as she may be with what he just called her, she questions him politely, as to why he is saying ... ... The role these women had to take on in this play, was probably not to far from the way it really was for women during that time, and for some couples, the way it is today. I would hate to think that men can still have this philosophy, but I know it still exists. Some men still think that women need to stay home and take care of the kids, clean the house, cook, while he goes out and makes the money. So since they are making the money, they then feel like they can control their wives. They expect them to stand by them, not go against them, and agree with them all the time. That may have been the normal way to do things in the 1600's in Cypress, but that kind of thing can not go on in an American society, in 1999. The role of the modern women is now very visible, but there are a lot of stereotypes out there and hopefully one day women will finally be equal to men.

Essay --

[Name] [Professor] [Subject] [Date] Mexican American War What started the Mexican American war in 1846 was the obsession of the Americans, rather the one President Polk to expand American up to north through a vision of â€Å"Manifest Destiny†. Sure, this manifest destiny was the vision of Americans but it was blood and loss for Mexicans. In the plan that we now remember as Manifest Destiny President Polk asked the Mexican chief to sell New Mexico and California for $ 30 million to the US. But this was blatantly refused and the boarders that were previously drawn between the then two separate nations came out to be the point of conflict. The US claimed that the official boarder for the US was Rio Grande River, while on the contrary the Mexicans claimed that the boarder was Nueces River. In the instance, President Polk sent army to protect their claimed boarder, and when they reached there, they had a little battle with the Mexicans and some of the US army men lost their lives. This was the opportunity that the president was waiting for and he got approval for the war on Mexico as he vehemently declared that the Mexicans have shed â€Å"American blood upon American soil† (cited in Anthony). This was the beginning of what started a two year war on Mexico, that to many was not justified, not ethical, and is perceived as a mere confiscation of someone else’s land. But to some it is still regarded as the fulfillment of the dream, of the Manifest Destiny, of the vision to expand the America. I wonder why statue of liberty still survives! O'Sullivan writes that the â€Å"American people having derived their origin from many other nations, and the Declaration of National Independence being entirely based on the great principle of human equality, these f... ...nwar.htm, Accessed 11/05/03 O'Sullivan, John L. (1839) Manifest Destiny, Available at http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/osulliva.htm, Accessed 11/05/03 Heys, John (1995) Enough Blame to Go Around: Causes of the Mexican-American War, Available at http://www.azteca.net/aztec/war/Mexican-American-War.html, Accessed 11/05/03 Combs, Jerald A. (1986) The History of American Foreign Policy. New York: Knopf Publishing. Lavender, David. (1968) The Mexican War: Climax of Manifest Destiny. Palo Alto: American West. The Story of America. Ed. Elizabeth L. Newhouse. Washington, District of Columbia: The National Geographic Society, 1984. Messages and Papers of the Presidents. Ed. J.D. Richardson. Library material. The Diary of James K. Polk. Ed. M.M. Quaife. Library material The Columbia History of the World. Ed. John A. Garraty and Peter Gay. New York: Harper and Row, 1981.

The Life of Nelle Harper Lee Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

The Life of Nelle Harper Lee On April 28, 1926 in Monroeville, Alabama, Nelle Harper Lee was born to Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. Along with her siblings, Alice, Louise, and Edwin, Harper was educated in Monroeville Public Schools before going on to attend Huntingdon College in Montgomery, Alabama. After a year at Huntingdon, Lee decided to follow in the footsteps of her father and began studying law at the University of Alabama in 1945 [2]. She left there to study abroad at Oxford University, Wellington Court in England [4]. After returning to the United States, she continued her education at the University of Alabama. However, in 1950, six months prior to completing her law degree, Lee moved to New York hoping to begin a career as a writer. During this time, she worked as a reservation clerk with Eastern Airlines and British Overseas Airways. She also worked in Holcombe, Kansas, as a research assistant for Truman Capote's novel In Cold Blood [6]. In 1957, Lee submitted a manuscript to JB Lippincott Company, which consisted of two essays and three short stories. She was advised to re-write her work perhaps by expanding one of the short stories into a novel. For the next two and a half years, Lee revised the work under the supervision of her editor, Tay Hohoff [6]. Finally, in 1960, Harper Lee's first and only book, To Kill a Mockingbird, was published. The story, which is set in a small Alabama town during the 1930's, is narrated by Scout, a six year old girl. She tells the events surrounding a court case in which her father, Atticus Finch, defends a black man, Tom Robinson, who has been wrongly accused of raping Mayella Ewell, a white woman [4]. The novel was extremely successful, selling over fifteen millio... ....ca/Culture/HarperLee/bio.html>. 3. "Harper Lee: A Biography." Elysium. 24 Sept. 2000. (Accessed 1 Oct. 2000) . 4. Liukkonen, Petri. "Calendar of Authors." Pegasos. 1999. (Accessed 1 Oct. 2000) . 5. Montgomery, Leigh. "Harper Lee Still Prizes Privacy Over Publicity." The Christian Science Monitor. 11 Sept. 1997. (Accessed 1 Oct. 2000) . 6. Sigelman, Katherine. "ClassicNotes on Harper Lee." Classicnotes by GradeSaver. 6 Feb. 2000. (Accessed 1 Oct. 2000) . Note: Picture of Harper Lee courtesy of the Chebucto Community Net. .

Childhood Obesity Prevention and Intervention Essay

â€Å"Childhood obesity has more than tripled in the last 30 years† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2008). That statistic is staggering. Data and surveys from the 1970’s to present suggest that the United States has been fighting obesity for a great deal of time and the battle continues, increasing in numbers and ever more alarming trends (Fals, 2009). Obesity has historically been treated as an adult problem, but the tripling of childhood obesity over the last three decades clearly illustrates that children are at exponentially higher risk, requiring a shift in focus. Immediate and continuing efforts are essential in the battle against childhood obesity. Prevention, education, and intervention require the involvement of not only affected children and their parents, but the public, government, and medical community as well. The government and society need to become involved in making prevention and intervention of childhood obesity a top priority. Family involvement is also critical; however, aid is needed to support and educate them. The First Lady, Michelle Obama, has been promoting a campaign (Let’s Move!) to raise awareness and help prevent childhood obesity (White House, 2011). The campaign’s checklists for parents and childcare providers contain numerous simple, but helpful tips like dietary changes, exercising, and restricting television and video game time. Similarly, We Can!  ® is a program offering many resources to parents, caregivers, and local community groups. Like the latter campaign, this program also places focus on diet, exercise, and media usage. The program partners nationally with a number of organizations and media outlets to ensure families in all parts of America have access to information and help (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services [HHS], 2012). More programs like these are needed in communities and nationwide. The number of resources is increasing but not as quickly as the problem they are attempting to help. Strategies for childhood obesity intervention and prevention are surprisingly simple, but it is up to parents to implement them. One strategy is sharing meals as a family. Choosing healthy foods is not easy and parents can help by providing healthy meals and sharing them with their children. In addition, children often model the behavior of parents; therefore, a parent eating healthy foods may influence the child to do the same. Eating together has the added benefit of being an emotionally positive experience for the entire family. According to guidelines from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, food choices and physical activity are the most important factors in the obesity battle. Consequently, parents must offer healthy foods in addition to lowering the calories their children consume. Children must also be encouraged to exercise (HHS, 2010, p. 10). Finally, reduction of television, video games, and computer usage encourages children to be more active and gets them moving. Reducing screen time to no more than two hours per day is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP, 2003, p. 427). By implementing these strategies, parents will be able to help their children with making strides towards health. Research studies have determined health dangers faced by obese children are comparable to those of obese adults. Formerly adult-associated chronic diseases are striking children. These diseases (comorbidities) are numerous and may have grave consequences. Diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, and the metabolic syndrome are only a few examples of the diseases striking obese children (Daniels et al., 2005, p. 2002). Furthermore, additional research has determined that childhood and adolescent obesity can cause early death (Reilly & Kelly, 2011, p. 894). The medical community must provide more research and education to help with prevention of these disease processes and better interventions. Researchers have stressed the â€Å"stigmatization of fatness,† with regard to societal views of this disease (Gard & Wright, 2005, p. 69). Obese children are assumed to be lazy and unworthy of attention. Obese children suffer many psychological issues and the bullying is one of the contributors. A recent study reported, â€Å"Bullying happens every day† and it â€Å"has a direct impact on stress and trauma symptoms† (Brandt et al., 2012). Furthermore, â€Å"Children who are obese are more likely to be bullied† asserts another study (Lumeng et al., 2010). In general, obese children tend to be at risk for depression, anxiety disorders, social phobias, poor self-esteem, eating disorders, and a higher risk of suicidal tendencies. Psychiatric intervention is required to aid obese children in developing normally so these problems do not continue into adulthood. Individual support and support groups could be very effective interventions to consider. The epidemic of childhood obesity is not getting better. Every year it appears to be getting excessively worse. Realistic goals are to educate parents, healthcare providers, and the public, giving them as much research and information as possible. Education, intervention, and prevention are the most important factors for combating the effects of childhood obesity and in helping to ensure the health and happiness of children suffering from this disease. References American Academy of Pediatrics. (2003). Prevention of pediatric overweight and obesity. Pediatrics, 112(2), 427. Retrieved from http://www2.aap.org/obesity/ppt/PREVENTION%20OF%20PEDIATRIC%20OBESITY%20AAP.ppt – 9k – 2010-03-11 Brandt, A., Zaveri, K., Fernandez, K., Jondoh, L., Duran, E., Bell, L., . . . Gutierrez, J. (2012). School bullying hurts: Evidence of psychological and academic challenges among students with bullying histories. Undergraduate Research Journal for the Human Sciences: Special Edition, 11. Retrieved from http://www.kon.org/urc/v11/bullying/brandt.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). CDC – Obesity – Facts – Adolescent and school health. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/facts.htm Daniels, S., Arnett, D., Eckel, R., Gidding, S., Hayman, L., Kumanyika, S., . . . Robinson, T. (2005). Overweight in children and adolescents. Circulation, 111(15), 1999- 2012. Fals, A. (2009). Childhood obesity: A bit of history – National childhood obesity. Examiner. Retrieved from http://www.examiner.com/article/childhood-obesity-a-bit-of-history Gard, M., & Wright, J. (2005). The obesity epidemic: Science, morality, and ideology (1st Ed.). New York, U.S.A.: Taylor & Francis Inc. Lumeng, J., Forrest, P., Appugliese, D., Kaciroti, N., Corwyn, R., & Bradley, R. (2010). Weight Status as a Predictor of Being Bullied in Third Through Sixth Grades. Journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics, 125(6), 1301-1307. doi:10.1542/peds.2009-0774. Reilly, J., & Kelly, J. (2011). Long-term impact of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence on morbidity and premature mortality in adulthood: Systematic review. International Journal of Obesity, 35(7), 891-898. doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.222.

Diagnosis and Treatment

For many Americans it is difficult to come to terms with any type of medical diagnosis. Some may know the warning signs and simply ignore them. Unfortunately mental disorders have plagued many people for years. Going without diagnosis and treatment can have devastating effects to themselves and their families. According to the National Institute of Mental Health â€Å"Approximately 20.9 million American adults, or about 9.5 percent of the U.S. population age 18 and older in a given year, have a mood disorder† (NIMH, 2009). These disorders come in several forms and can have many different warning signs. For some these signs or symptoms can be mild and for others the signs are immediately noticed. â€Å"Mood disorders are characterized by disturbances in mood or prolonged emotional state sometimes referred to as affect.† (Psychological Disorders, 2010) Because everyone has their own mental capacity it can be difficult for a professional to diagnose. Some people can’t cry unless it is a highly emotional situation, others can cry at the first sign of emotional distress. While others may show anger in a stressful situation and some may feel the tendency to laugh. These are all nature human behaviors; each of these emotions can also be signs or symptoms of mood disorders. Because these signs and symptoms are so broad and are also specific to several different mood disorders they can be misdiagnosed for years. The range of mood disorders can vary but there are significant signs and symptoms to look for. For some with mood disorders they have extreme highs and lows, meaning that they are extremely happy one minute and can be extremely sad the next. In patients with depression you may see that the â€Å"person feels overwhelmed with sadness; they may have loss of interest in activities and display other symptoms such as guilt or feelings of worthlessness.† (Psychological disorders, 2010) According to the National Institute for Mental Health â€Å"Major Depressive Disorder is the leading cause of disability in the U.S. for ages 15-44† (NIMH, 2009) These patients usually have experienced the loss of happiness in everyday life. They may be your co-worker, family or friend who has issues with concentration, sleep, or has become reclusive. Even though depression is a mood disorder in itself, there are several forms of depression. Generalized depression is the person who has become withdrawn from life; they may sleep too much or not enough. Another form of depression is clinical depression; this form is much more severe and can be deadly. Unfortunately â€Å"depressed people may be plagues by suicidal thoughts or may even attempt suicide.† (Psychological disorders, 2010) Apart of the signs and symptoms of clinical depression is that the down feel does not go away after time. Those with clinical depression stay depressed; they are unhappy and have moments of extreme depression. â€Å"Some depressions can be so intense that people become psychotic-that is, they lose touch with reality.† (Psychological disorders, 2010). This form can make people believe in a false reality. They often feel as though everyone is out to get them or that they are being subjected to inhuman activities. Depression can be treated in many ways depending on the severity of the disease. There are many drugs out on the market today to help with the symptoms of depression. Generalized depression has become a popular trend in commercial marketing. The signs and symptoms are often discussed and the public is educated on talking to their physician if they may have any of the signs of symptoms that are listed in the commercials. Because of the frequency of these commercials more and more people have followed the trend and are speaking to their physicians about the possibility of depression. According to the CDC â€Å"approximately 15.7% more people were diagnosis with depression or related diagnosis in 2006 compared to 2005.† (CDC, 2006) Some studies may suggest that the increase in diagnosis is directly related to the public awareness brought forth by the commercial campaigns to promote new medication to treat depression. The treatment for many forms of depression is through various forms of medication. These forms of medication are often referred to as antidepressants. The compounding for these drugs are typically neurotransmitters or inhibiters. Some help to produce or block particular chemicals in the brain that are possible causes for particular forms of depression. Counseling can also help those that are suffering the effects of depression. For some counseling may be prescribed with or without the assistance of medication. Speaking to a medical professional about the diagnosis of depression can help each patient to be individually treated for the symptoms of the depressive disorder. Even though the public has a higher level of awareness when it comes to depressive disorders it is still important to seek advice from a medical profession. Reference http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-numbers-count-mental-disorders-in-america/index.shtml Diagnosis and Treatment For many Americans it is difficult to come to terms with any type of medical diagnosis. Some may know the warning signs and simply ignore them. Unfortunately mental disorders have plagued many people for years. Going without diagnosis and treatment can have devastating effects to themselves and their families. According to the National Institute of Mental Health â€Å"Approximately 20.9 million American adults, or about 9.5 percent of the U.S. population age 18 and older in a given year, have a mood disorder† (NIMH, 2009). These disorders come in several forms and can have many different warning signs. For some these signs or symptoms can be mild and for others the signs are immediately noticed. â€Å"Mood disorders are characterized by disturbances in mood or prolonged emotional state sometimes referred to as affect.† (Psychological Disorders, 2010) Because everyone has their own mental capacity it can be difficult for a professional to diagnose. Some people can’t cry unless it is a highly emotional situation, others can cry at the first sign of emotional distress. While others may show anger in a stressful situation and some may feel the tendency to laugh. These are all nature human behaviors; each of these emotions can also be signs or symptoms of mood disorders. Because these signs and symptoms are so broad and are also specific to several different mood disorders they can be misdiagnosed for years. The range of mood disorders can vary but there are significant signs and symptoms to look for. For some with mood disorders they have extreme highs and lows, meaning that they are extremely happy one minute and can be extremely sad the next. In patients with depression you may see that the â€Å"person feels overwhelmed with sadness; they may have loss of interest in activities and display other symptoms such as guilt or feelings of worthlessness.† (Psychological disorders, 2010) According to the National Institute for Mental Health â€Å"Major Depressive Disorder is the leading cause of disability in the U.S. for ages 15-44† (NIMH, 2009) These patients usually have experienced the loss of happiness in everyday life. They may be your co-worker, family or friend who has issues with concentration, sleep, or has become reclusive. Even though depression is a mood disorder in itself, there are several forms of depression. Generalized depression is the person who has become withdrawn from life; they may sleep too much or not enough. Another form of depression is clinical depression; this form is much more severe and can be deadly. Unfortunately â€Å"depressed people may be plagues by suicidal thoughts or may even attempt suicide.† (Psychological disorders, 2010) Apart of the signs and symptoms of clinical depression is that the down feel does not go away after time. Those with clinical depression stay depressed; they are unhappy and have moments of extreme depression. â€Å"Some depressions can be so intense that people become psychotic-that is, they lose touch with reality.† (Psychological disorders, 2010). This form can make people believe in a false reality. They often feel as though everyone is out to get them or that they are being subjected to inhuman activities. Depression can be treated in many ways depending on the severity of the disease. There are many drugs out on the market today to help with the symptoms of depression. Generalized depression has become a popular trend in commercial marketing. The signs and symptoms are often discussed and the public is educated on talking to their physician if they may have any of the signs of symptoms that are listed in the commercials. Because of the frequency of these commercials more and more people have followed the trend and are speaking to their physicians about the possibility of depression. According to the CDC â€Å"approximately 15.7% more people were diagnosis with depression or related diagnosis in 2006 compared to 2005.† (CDC, 2006) Some studies may suggest that the increase in diagnosis is directly related to the public awareness brought forth by the commercial campaigns to promote new medication to treat depression. The treatment for many forms of depression is through various forms of medication. These forms of medication are often referred to as antidepressants. The compounding for these drugs are typically neurotransmitters or inhibiters. Some help to produce or block particular chemicals in the brain that are possible causes for particular forms of depression. Counseling can also help those that are suffering the effects of depression. For some counseling may be prescribed with or without the assistance of medication. Speaking to a medical professional about the diagnosis of depression can help each patient to be individually treated for the symptoms of the depressive disorder. Even though the public has a higher level of awareness when it comes to depressive disorders it is still important to seek advice from a medical profession. Reference http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-numbers-count-mental-disorders-in-america/index.shtml

How to Write a Research Paper Essay

â€Å"This should be sent to a journal† â€Å"Very good work, but I’m not sure why Alan Bundy hasn’t written this? † Anonymous review: â€Å"Clearly the author fails to understands Walsh’s previous work on this topic† †¢ 1st Lesson †¢ Don’t lose heart †¢ Even if you do everything right, reviewing is imperfect Good papers will be rejected But try to learn from your knock-backs! †¢ †¢ Why you? †¢ Academic career †¢ Publish or perish †¢ Have an impact †¢ †¢ Communicate your results Many have not had the impact they deserve for being bad writers †¢ Writing is fun! Outline †¢ How to get your paper rejected †¢ There are many traps even experienced researchers make Myself very much included †¢ †¢ Hints about how to write a paper †¢ Writing is a craft not a science! How to be rejected †¢ Submit over-length †¢ Blind man: send in 7 pages even though the instructions clearly say 5 Once they see quality of work, they’ll be pleased you sent in more material †¢ How to be rejected Submit over-length †¢ †¢ Diplomatic immunity: put extra 2 pages in appendix Appendices clearly don’t count Similarly, bibliography doesn’t count †¢ †¢ How to be rejected †¢ Submit over-length †¢ LaTeX hacker: †¢ †¢ †¢ change from 11 to 9 point font squeeze inter-line space †¦ †¢ No one will ever notice How to be rejected †¢ Submit late †¢ †¢ †¢ Deadlines are meant for everyone else Review schedules have plenty of slack Your paper is worth the wait! How to be rejected †¢ You don’t have room for space wasters like: †¢ Motivation, Background, Related work †¢ Why do review forms always have these on them anyway? How to be rejected †¢ Annoy reader/reviewer †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Proof is trivial, when it isn’t Prove the trivial Fail to cite their work Only cite yourself How to be rejected †¢ Annoy reader/reviewer †¢ Don’t bother to spell check †¢ What do computers know about spelling anyway? †¢ Use all the old cliches †¢ â€Å"There has been a lot of interest recently in global constraints. † How to be rejected †¢ Annoy reader/reviewer †¢ Be pompous, boring, †¦ †¢ This is science not literature guys, who said it should be fun? †¢ Be overly formal †¢ Theorems and formulas add weight How to be rejected †¢ Annoy reader/reviewer †¢ Make them really work †¢ After all, these are dif? cult concepts and it took you some time †¦ †¢ Ignore reviews †¢ Just keep sending paper in, eventually it will be accepted How to write a paper †¢ Hints about how to write †¢ †¢ †¢ Preparation Writing itself Ethics Preparation †¢ Read, read, read! †¢ To learn how to write, read a lot †¢ I spend over 20% of my time reading †¢ 1 day/week in library Read, Read, Read †¢ Related literature †¢ †¢ †¢ So you can cite it So you don’t re-invent wheels So you know what others think are important research questions Read, Read, Read †¢ Other conference/journal papers where you intend to publish †¢ †¢ So you learn the â€Å"house† style So you can place your work within the bigger picture So you learn how to ask good questions †¢ Read, Read, Read †¢ Any sort of literature †¢ Magazines, novels, biographies, †¦ †¢ Writing is a skill, learn from others †¢ I read approx one novel/week as a way of trying to learn how to write And I have the luxury of writing in my own language! †¢ Review, Review, Review †¢ Review as much as you can †¢ †¢ †¢ So you see good/bad writing So you see the newest results (but see ethics) So you ask yourself good questions †¢ What is the contribution here? What are the weaknesses? †¦ Write, Write, Write †¢ The best preparation to writing is to write †¢ †¢ Writing gets easier the more you do it Writing is easier if you’ve drafted much of what you already need Writing is the best way to organize your thoughts Writing is a good way to record what you have done. †¢ †¢ Writing †¢ Work out the timetable †¢ †¢ †¢ Rushed papers frequently rejected Late papers are almost always rejected If you always write to deadlines, writing will seem more painful than it is Writing †¢ Work out the message †¢ You should be able to convey this in one sentence †¢ â€Å"We propose a new global constraint, provide a ? ltering algorithm and show it useful on some standard benchmarks† Writing †¢ Work out the message †¢ You should be able to convey this in one sentence †¢ â€Å"We identify an important class of symmetry, and show how to break it† †¢ Write to the message! Writing †¢ Distribute the work †¢ †¢ Play to your strengths If you have a native speaker, have them write intro/conclusion †¦ †¢ Write to length †¢ Brutally cut papers are frequently rejected Writing †¢ †¢ Structure paper before you write it I write template for paper with sections and subsection headings ? rst †¢ Intro, Background, Theoretical results, Empirical results, Related work, Conclusions Writing †¢ †¢ Start where you are most happy Often write from the middle outwards †¢ Theoretical results, Experiments, †¦ , Conclusions, Introduction, Abstract Writing †¢ †¢ Rule of Three Say everything 3 times! †¢ †¢ †¢ Introduce idea (introduction) Develop idea (body of paper) Summarize result (conclusions) †¢ But don’t copy verbatim the same text! Title †¢ Make it meaningful and brief †¢ †¢ Don’t make a joke Remember someone reading reference needs to be able to work out likely contents Good: the TSP phase transition Bad: Easy Problems are sometimes Hard †¢ †¢ Abstract †¢ Executive summary †¢ Try for one sentence or so on: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Motivation Method Key result Conclusions Introduction †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ What is the problem? Why is it interesting? What are your contributions? What is the outline of what you will show? Introduction †¢ Lure the reader in a with a good ? rst sentence †¢ Bad: There has been a lot of work recently on phase transition behaviour†¦ Good: Global constraints are central to the success of constraint programming†¦ †¢ Background †¢ Often need to set scene †¢ †¢ †¢ De? ne formalism Get reader up to speed Identify research problem Body of Paper †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Derive theoretical results Propose new algorithm Describe system engineered †¦ Results †¢ Bullet proof paper †¢ Theoretical results †¢ Experiments only provide a limited view †¢ Experimental results †¢ Theory doesn’t show if results are useful in practice. Related work †¢ Has many purposes †¢ †¢ †¢ You give proper credit to prior work You are not re-inventing wheel You can compare what you do with what has been done before Conclusions †¢ †¢ Remind reader of what you have done Place work in wider context †¢ â€Å"What general lessons might be learnt from this study? † †¢ Flag all the exciting open research directions Acknowledgements †¢ Thank all who have helped you †¢ Provided code, data sets, †¦ †¢ Thank ? nancial sponsors Writing †¢ Keep it simple! †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Active, not passive Present, not past or future Long words Short sentences Writing †¢ Avoid temptation to include every result you have †¢ †¢ †¢ Paper needs to be coherent Paper needs to be understandable Many papers are rejected for having too many results! Ethics of Writing †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Authorship Citation Submission Publication Authorship †¢ Who should be an author? †¢ Anyone who has made a signi? cant contribution May not have written any text! Always err on the side of caution †¢ †¢ Authorship †¢ Who should be an author? †¢ †¢ †¢ Ask! You’ll be surprised how often people refuse You can be sure they’ll not work with you again if they feel they should be Authorship †¢ Should my advisor be an author? †¢ †¢ †¢ In ? rst few years of thesis, probably yes .. Once you graduate, you should (be able to) write papers on your own Again, ask! †¢ Citation †¢ Cite all relevant work †¢ †¢ †¢ Reviews always ask about Related Work You’ll want them to cite you It’s central to the scienti? c method †¢ We stand on the shoulders of others Citation †¢ Do I cite myself for a blind review? †¢ †¢ †¢ Yes! You must credit all previous work Either cite [Author, 2004] Or write â€Å"As Walsh has shown previously [Walsh 2004] †¦ † Submission †¢ Can I submit to multiple conferences? †¢ What’s the deal with the disclaimer (†This paper is not under review ..†)? †¢ Can I submit to a journal immediately? †¢ †¢ No hard and fast rules My rule, once reviews are back and paper is effectively in press †¦ Publication †¢ Can I publish my conference paper as it is in a journal? †¢ Probably not, even though conference is not archival Most journals ask you to extend conference paper substantially †¢ †¢ Proofs, more experiments, †¦ Final words †¢ It takes time to learn how to write †¢ Don’t be put off if at ? rst your have papers rejected All of us have papers rejected †¢ †¢ Spend time learning how to write †¢ It will be worth the investment.

Democracy V/s Dictatorship Essay

Outline: 1. Government is the indispensable necessity of any country. 2. What is democracy? 3. Democracy is considered the best form of government. 4. Democracy is distorted in the third world countries. 5. Democracy has a large many advantages. 6. Democracy is not devoid of disadvantages. 7. There are certain requisites for successful democracy. 8. What is dictatorship? 9. Dictatorship is always full of many demerits. 10. Islamic concept of democracy is different from modern concept of democracy. 11. Pakistan shows a gloomy and painful picture of deteriorated and decayed democracy. 12. Conclusion: ↠ Main is a social animal. He can’t live alone away from his fellow human beings. Therefore, he forms societies and countries. No country can run its affairs smoothly without a government. Surely, government is the indispensable requirement of any country. ↠ Democracy is a form of government. Its literal meaning is ‘power of the people’. According to Abraham Lincoln, â€Å"Democracy is the government of the people, by the people for the people†. It means that in a democratic country, people are the real masters. The government has complete trust and confidence of masses. ↠ Democracy is considered the best form of government. It has both merits and demerits, but its grandeur can’t be denied. Islam also appreciates a democratic government. It favours unanimous decisions. The Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) laid great stress on mutual consultation on all essential matters. Surely, democracy is a civilized form of government. It exists in advanced countries of the world like America, England, France, Canada etc. ↠ Democracy follows its own mechanism. In a democratic country, there are many political parties. They take part in the election. The party that wins by the majority vote forms the government. The rest of the parties sit in the opposition benches. In the assembly, important issues are discussed and debated by both the ruling party and the opposition party. ↠ Democracy is distorted in the third world countries. Politicians always try to befool and hoodwink the people. The gain power for their own interests. Under the cover of democracy, they hold a totalitarian rule. In these poor and backward countries, the definition of democracy is somewhat like this â€Å" Government off the people, buy the people, far the people† ↠ Real Democracy has many advantages. i. In a democratic country, people take part actively in the affairs of the government. They elect the members of the parliament. Their representatives in the parliament reflect their will. ii. People can keep an eye on the performance of the elected members. The prime minister and the cabinet are answerable to the parliament. People can change a ruler through unanimous vote. iii. All people enjoy respect, importance equality of rights and justice irrespective of their colour, caste, creed or social status. iv. People enjoy freedom of thought, action, expression and publication. They can both criticize and give suggestions to the government. v. The press and the electronic media can discuss and debate the policies and decisions of the government vi. Intelligentsia, different organizations and opposition parties may hold public gatherings. They can use the services of radio, televisions and newspapers to convey their views to the government and public. vii. All decisions are made after mutual consultation and discussion. viii. Democracy allows variety of opinion to flourish. ix. Democracy cares for the needs and wishes of public. It tries to satisfy them and raise their standard of living. It works for their welfare. Thus, it proves a stable form of government and reduces the chances of revolt. ↠ Democracy is not devoid of disadvantages and shortcomings. i. Democracy generates party system. Candidates have to side with their own party even if its decisions are wrong. They can’t openly oppose its wrong policies. ii. Democracy may prove tyranny of the majority. In democracy, all decisions are made by majority raise. Therefore, it is merely the counting of head, not the weighing of wisdom. It attaches importance to quantity, not to quality. iii. Democracy fails at the time of national emergencies. It is a slow form of government. All issues have to be debated in the assembly. It takes a long time to arrive at any decision. Thus many urgent problems remain unsolved. ↠ There are certain requisites for the successful functioning of democracy. Firstly people should be educated. They should be able to use their vote wisely. They should elect honest, sincere and efficient representatives. Secondly, people should be prosperous so that political parties may not buy them or force them to vote for them. Thirdly, there should be social justice in society. There should not be the hateful concept of high and low in society. ↠ Unlike democracy, dictatorship is a form of government in which one man or one party rules the country. It is simply the anti-thesis of democracy. The entire power rests with a single man. It is, therefore, a one man show. There is no opposition party in dictatorship. Usually high military officers or magnates in the county can take the control of the government by dint of force, ↠ Dictatorship is always full of many demerits. It just steamrolls public opinion. It puts many restrictions on them. They do not enjoy the freedom of thought, action, expression and publication. They have to adore a single man and bow to his fair or foul policies. The print and electronic media have to conceal facts. They have to sing praises for the absolute ruler. Then it is very difficult to change a dictatorial government. History tells that some dictators continued their unfair rule to their death. Dictatorship exists in the communist countries like Russia, china, and East Germany. But dictatorship may also prove fruitful if the ruler considers himself accountable to people and God for his actions. ↠ Islamic concept of democracy is different form modern concept. Islam favours the concept of restricted or controlled democracy, which is the true democracy. It gives value to the opinions of the people is they are in accordance with the teachings of the Holy Quran and the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). In Islamic democracy, absolute authority lies with God. Islamic laws have to be enforced. There is no party system. Quality, not quality, is valued. Rulers are servants to masses and are accountable to God for each deed. ↠ Unfortunately, Pakistan shows a gloomy and painful picture of deteriorated and decayed democracy. It was won in the name of Islam. The Quaid-e-Azam wanted to make it a democratic country. But now, it is in the cruel clutches of plutocracy only. Most of our politicians are feudal lords, industrialists and other magnates. They attain power for their vested interests. They feather their own nest and care least for the masses. They exploit the poor and backward people for their own benefits. How painful it is that our intellectuals, scholars, teachers and able patriots are always kept out of the political arena. Our masses are mostly the dumb spectators of the political scenario. Our elections are never fair and transparent. They are full of corruption. The scenes of rigging, conspiracies and miscompilation of results are quite common. Voters are bribed. Ballot boxes are broken in riots. Candidates of the rival party are kidnapped. Our elections are merely a farce. The behaviour of our politicians has always been eccentric and ridiculous. Under a military government, they cry for the restoration of democracy. But, in case of a democratic government, the opposition leaders try their best to dissolve it. This behavior of our politicians pares way for army chiefs to step in. Resultantly, military coups take place quite frequently. We can say that democracy in Pakistan is merely fake, distorted, beslimed and decayed. ↠ To conclude, it must be emphasized that if we let democracy sparkles in its true colours, it will prove an ideal form of government. It is surely democracy that can put our country in the glorious rank of advanced and civilized countries of the world.

Physiology and pharmacology for nursing practice Essay

Physiology and pharmacology for nursing practice - Essay Example The assortment of processes by which the body controls the internal environment making it constant is jointly known as homeostasis. In a bid to ensure that the body’s internal environment is stable, the conditions of the body must be continually monitored and adjusted through homeostatic regulation (Lenford and Johnson, 2015). It engages the receptor, the control center, and the effector. The receptor detects information about changes that occur in the environment (Norris & Carr, 2013). They then send the information to the control centers, which interpret the information as either being below or above the homeostatic range (Clancy & McVicar, 2009). The control centers send commands to the effectors that correct the disturbance by either opposing or enhancing a stimulus thus reinstating homeostasis (Clancy & McVicar, 2009). This is a continuous process to ensure the continuity and maintenance of homeostasis. An example is where the temperature receptors in the skin detect a change in temperature; communicate this to the control centers which are in the brain, then to the effectors in the blood vessels and sweat glands facilitating the required adjustments (Lenford and Johnson, 2015). When disturbances in the physiological balance occur, the system reacts to two forms of feedback. These include the positive and negative feedback. The majority of the homeostatic control mechanisms operate on the principle of negative feedback (Lenford and Johnson, 2015). It involves the system responding so as to reverse the direction of the change. An example of this principle is blood sugar regulation in the body. An increase in blood glucose higher than the homeostatic range triggers the processes that reduce it. Still, when blood glucose levels are below homeostatic range, the processes that increase the glucose levels will be triggered. Both instances result in the blood sugar level being maintained at a constant level

Journal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal - Research Paper Example Upon knowing this, the teacher would now know the customized approach he or she should take on such as the transitional bilingual education which is one that is most effective. This means that the teacher uses the child’s native language to introduce them to the context of a secondary language. Primary language of the student is now used as a bridge to develop literary comprehension with another language (Coonan, C. M., n.d.). Another way to develop linguistic competency through bilingual education would be the Dual Language Immersion. This means that teachers would practice a clear separation of two languages being used in each curriculum. What they do is that instead of translating each principle to another language which could sometimes not encompass the whole meaning or idea and cause confusion, they strengthen one’s understanding of a specific concept delivered in one language and when students already have a strong hold on it, they will then alter the language to further explicate a topic (Cook, Vivian, n.d.) Cook, Vivian (n.d.). Bilingual Cognition and Language Teaching. Virgin Media - Cable broadband, TV & phone plus mobile broadband & phone. Retrieved May 21, 2012, from http://homepage.ntlworld.com/vivian.c/Writings/Papers/BilCog&Teaching.htm Masters Degree Program - Bilingual Education - NYU Steinhardt. (n.d.). NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development. Retrieved May 21, 2012, from

Politcal Theory- The Liber tarian approach Essay

Politcal Theory- The Liber tarian approach - Essay Example Government’s roles in the private lives of citizens and their activities include enacting contracts, protecting people’s property from theft and keeping peace. Sandel states that â€Å"if the libertarian theory of rights is correct, then many activities of the modern state are illegitimate, and violations of liberty† (60). Libertarianism implies that individuals have the right to do whatever they desire with their bodies and property, but refrain from harming other people without their consent or destroying their property. The contemporary social institutions have enforced and implemented laws, regulations, values and policies that prohibit some of the liberties that the libertarian approach consider as the right. These institutions in the society include political, social and economic institutions. Social institutions govern individuals’ relationship and interaction with other people such as religious values, beliefs and customs. Political institutions im plement laws and policies that prevent individuals from practicing unaccepted behavior while economic institutions deals with freedom in free markets. Libertarianism and Violation of Liberty According to Sandel (60), individuals have the right to ownership of their body and property. An individual has the right to consent to heinous acts such as cannibalism, scientific experimentations and assisted suicide. Cannibalism is defined as eating human flesh for the purpose of survival, experimentation or cultural beliefs. In the contemporary society, cannibalism is considered a crime punishable by serving a life sentence or death by lethal injection. However, there are people who want to experiment on the old customs of eating human flesh. There are two groups of people who participate in this agreement: the cannibals and the consenting adults who will be eaten. According to the libertarian approach, an adult who has the mental capacity to understand the experiment and know its consequenc es can consent to cannibalism. The society and the government must not intervene in such matters because people have the freedom and the right to make their own decisions about their bodies. The judicial system will be violating the rights of an individual to ownership by arresting and charging the individuals who participated in the acts of cannibalism or assisted suicide. Libertarian approach advocates for freedom to participate in leisure activities that do not cause harm to other people. Such leisure activities include consented pornography and prostitution. In the contemporary society, state laws and religious rules are enacted to prevent these unlawful acts. Watching and sharing pornography in schools, airplanes and other public areas are serious offenses that lead serving time in prison. Prostitution is illegal and shunned by religious groups. However, according to the libertarian approach, consenting to prostitution as a source of income is a person’s choice and prefe rence. Women who consent to selling sexual favors can do so according to their desires and projected outcomes. Pornography and prostitution are victimless crimes that do not violate or hurt other people. According to the libertarian approach, charging individuals for performing the above acts in a court of law violates their liberty to ownership. In the U.S, a few states have legalized the use of marijuana as a medical drug or leisure drug. Other states refuse to legalize this drug because of the moral constraints associated with it. According to

The Presidency Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Presidency - Research Paper Example The American presidency is the most powerful office positions in the universe, considering the fact that the United States of America is the powerhouse of the world. As such, the presidency is among the widely recognized worldwide icons (Watts, 2009). Majority of individuals living outside the US or those who have little knowledge on the history of the presidency would assume that the politics of the presidency as similar to any other in the world (or to the local and congressional elections), but those familiar with its history know the significance of the office. A keen and closer look at the history of the executive branch of the US government will highlight the powers and worldwide impact the office may have on the entire world. Among the main roles of the presidency as described by Article II of the American Constitution, include the chief administrator, chief lawmaker, commander-in-chief, chief of state, and the chief diplomat, just to mention a few. In contrast to local or con gressional elections where several individuals of the same ideology are elected in order for the government to address issues of concern, the presidency, a single individual although under the check of various government divisions, has the power to literary change the entire world. As history has it, US presidents have had the power to implement policies that may bring significant changes in the world, or establish new world orders, as is the case with President Washington. Nonetheless, different presidents in the past have had different policy doctrines that helped them govern the country in their presidential terms (Brinkley & Dyer, 2004). The vast powers held in the presidency office often make the role a contradictory institution and complex one, and very vital to the US government system. Restrictions by political laws on one president act as a liberation for another. A successful policy doctrine for one president may be a complete failure by another, majorly because of the pre vailing political and international relations. The US presidency definition may be a series of contradictions, paradoxes, and clashing expectations. Citizens vote a president based on principles and values that are generally acceptable to the society. A citizen’s vote is dependent on the individual’s beliefs, hopes, and wishes. The presidential elections of 2012 will either give Americans a chance to reinstate President Barrack Obama as their president for another four-year term, or choose another candidate based on their guiding principles and presidential campaign platforms (Peters). The issue of terrorism has been a major topic in the past presidential elections campaigns, with the gradual shift from the democratic diplomacy presidency to the imperial presidency as was imposed by George Bush during his term in office (Brinkley & Dyer, 2004). The 57th Presidential elections to be held on 6th November 2012, is expected to feature the incumbent President Obama on a Dem ocrats ticket, a Republican candidate (yet to be decided), and a third party nominee. The presidential campaigns are often marred with accusations and counter accusation, some of which have seen a Republican Presidential candidate, Herman Cain, suspend his campaign on accusations of a 13-years affair and sexual harassment. The Democrats are pushing tax cut extensions as part of their strategy, as well as maintaining their famous

Leadership and communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership and communication - Essay Example It is fair to say that how a leader communicates is dependent upon his or her generation. According to the article entitled â€Å"Communication and Leadership,† â€Å"Effective communication occurs only if the receiver understands the exact information or idea that the sender intended to transmit†(â€Å"Communication and Leadership,† 2010). In this case, the leader would be the sender, and their audience would be the receiver. The leader will need to be aware of how his or her generation chooses to communicate and modify their own communication to these specifications in order for the communication to be deemed effective. A leader speaking to a group from the 1950s would use markedly different communication than a leader speaking to a group in 2011. The characteristics of my generation today in terms of communication is fairly simple. My generation is one that believes in swiftness and efficiency. This is likely due to having grown up in a society where people ge t what they want when they want it, also known as a fast food mentality. This mindset has become a part of many other aspects of life including communication. People want to get their information quickly and with little hassle or confusion. An example of this type of communication can be seen in the emails and text messages that are used in a great deal of communication. The minimal size of text messages in particular has spawned a huge array of abbreviations and shorthand words in order to communicate in as few words as possible. Additionally, it is important to note that another characteristic of my generation’s communication is a certain boldness. This is due to the anonymity that many people have become accustomed to because of the isolation and separation from face to face interaction that technology gives. This has resulted in the development of new social problems such as cyber bullying and sexting. Leaders in my generation tend to be different as well. Today’s leader has to strike a fine balance between the qualities of intelligence and responsibility and a good personality. Other generations may not have found likability to be so important, but my generation definitely does. Additionally, looks play an important part as well. Good looking people tend to find themselves in leadership positions more often than those who are not as good looking. Strong speaking skills are also needed in order to be a leader in today’s world. Perhaps a prime example of this would be the current President Barrack Obama. He is a good speaker, well-educated, and a strong orator. He often goes on talk shows such as Jay Leno in order to showcase his personality and sense of humor. The role of president is perhaps one of the most valued leadership roles in the entire world. Modern presidents typically have these characteristics because today’s generation strongly respond to these qualities, and that is why these type of people tend to be elected into leadership positions. Technology and the Information Age have played a very large role in how leaders communicate today. Many of the most influential leaders of today have their own websites in order to present specific information to their audience. Additionally, the invention of such tools as Youtube, podcasts, and Skype have allowed leaders to reach their audiences in many different formats. For the most part, technology has given leaders easy access to their audience